policies in the UK and US, is also discussed, alongside the challenges of the oil exchange (International Petroleum Exchange …In 2023, the Brent oil benchmark, a key international oil price marker for global crude oil underwent a substantial … change. It incorporated another key benchmark, West Texas Intermediate oil from Midland, produced in the US and sold into …

by jumps in the price and volatility of crude oil. Data used are daily from 14 February 2011, to 31 July 2019. We detect … sovereign risks of oil-exporters are significantly affected by oil volatility jumps, not by oil price jumps. These findings … suggest that the sovereign risks of oil-exporters are affected by abrupt movements in oil implied volatility, which points to …

In this work, we propose an analysis of the global market for crude oil based on a revised version of the Structural … above-ground crude oil inventories with the oil futures-spot spread. The latter is defined as the percent deviation of the … oil futures price from the spot price of oil and it represents a measure of the convenience yield but expressed with an …