Researchers have recently developed a model for international supply chains for transferring lots in equal-sized batches, taking environmental concerns into account. This scheme incorporated stochastic behaviour of the exchange rate between the vendor's and buyer's currencies as part of the...

Africa continues to suffer from the effects of climate change in many ways. Records show that the continent's carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions have seen tremendous upward adjustments over the past decades. While international tourism and renewable energy have been touted as sources of reducing CO2...

The paper examines the impact of currency exchange rates on the carbon market. We scrutinize this effect through the European Union Emission Trading Scheme (EU-ETS), which primarily uses two substitutable fossil energy inputs for the generation of electricity: coal and natural gas. The European...

China has taken some effective steps to shake off the effects of “COVID-19” and its economic development is unceasing recovery. Therefore, many foreign investments go into the Chinese market and lead to RMB appreciation, which would affect China’s economy-energy-carbon emissions system....

Although extensive literature focusing on the determinants of carbon emissions, little attention has been paid to the impact of exchange rates on carbon emissions in emerging economies. Based on 283 Chinese prefecture−level cities from 2006 to 2019, this paper measures the effects and...