In a few short years, Europe has gone from leader to laggard in advanced digital networks. Many markets in Asia and North America now enjoy fiber access penetration up to 20 times higher and LTE penetration up to 35 times higher than in the EU. As a result, European consumers and businesses...

One key aspect that could influence the digital identity policy landscape has not been studied: the views of the European citizens, particularly the views of the generation that has grown up with digital devices. This survey seeks to find out more about future user needs and requirements in the...

With the emergence of global digital service providers, concerns about digital oligopolies have increased, with a wide range of potentially harmful effects being discussed. One of these relates to cyber security, where it has been argued that market concentration can increase cyber risk. Such a...

This paper scrutinizes the effects of the European Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market on platform competition in media markets. Platforms that are Online Content-Sharing Service Providers must have a license agreement with collective management organizations that control the...