diversify the types of currencies and the agents who create them. The proposed ‘Trade Reference Currency' would be a global …, purely digital currency, fully backed by a standardized basket of the major commodities in world trade such as oil, copper … the currency. Because it fits the existing legislations on countertrade (international barter), it would not require any …

paper money inflations -- 5. Characteristics of hyperinflations -- 6. Currency competition, inflation, Gresham's law and … exchange rate -- 7. Ending mild or moderate inflations -- 8. Currency reforms ending hyperinflations …

's double role of national and international currency. This is the Triffin dilemma. The paper shows how it works through three … new monetary system. The US and Europe should consider to adopt the same currency through a system of fixed exchange rates … (global currency). This currency should perform its duty of anchor of the system, reducing global imbalances and gyrations in …