China’s new urbanization development strategy needs to be supported by rational urban systems. Here, a comprehensive diagnostic index system that uses GIS technology and a Chinese urban scale structure rationality diagnostic model, functional structure rationality diagnostic model, spatial...

This paper presents a canonical dual approach for finding either an optimal or approximate solution to the maximum cut problem (MAX CUT). We show that, by introducing a linear perturbation term to the objective function, the maximum cut problem is perturbed to have a dual problem which is a...

The goal of this article is to survey the relevant literature on project scheduling with possible activity failures from a number of different disciplines, and to distill from these sources the formulation of a general optimization problem, the further study of which we would like to foster...

We survey several viewpoints on the management of the planning complexity of multi-project organisations under uncertainty. Based on these viewpoints we propose a positioning framework to distinguish between different types of project-driven organisations. This framework is meant to aid project...

In the last few decades, several effective algorithms for solving the resource-constrained project scheduling problem have been proposed. However, the challenging nature of this problem, summarised in its strongly NP-hard status, restricts the effectiveness of exact optimisation to relatively...