In the classical optimal dividends problem, dividend decisions are allowed to be made at any point in time - according to a continuous strategy. Depending on the surplus process that is considered and whether dividend payouts are bounded or not, optimal strategies are generally of a band,...

In this paper, we consider a profitable, risky setting with two separate, correlated asset and liability processes (first introduced by Gerber and Shiu, 2003). The company that is considered is allowed to distribute excess profits (traditionally referred to as dividends in the literature), but...

The expected present value of dividends is one of the classical stability criteria in actuarial risk theory. In this context, numerous papers considered threshold (refractive) and barrier (reflective) dividend strategies. These were shown to be optimal in a number of different contexts for...

In his seminal paper, Bruno de Finetti (1957) laid the foundations of what would become an increasingly popular branch of risk theory: the study of dividend strategies. The recent burst of research in this field encouraged the author to carry out a systematic literature review of modern...

The class of spectrally positive Lévy processes is a frequent choice for modelling loss processes in areas such as insurance or operational risk. Dependence between such processes (for example, between different lines of business) can be modelled with Lévy copulas. This approach is a...

The dual model with diffusion is appropriate for companies with continuous expenses that are offset by stochastic and irregular gains. Examples include research-based or commission-based companies. In this context, Bayraktar et al. (2013a) show that a dividend barrier strategy is optimal when...

We develop a generalisation of the World Bank (1994) model of forced saving for retirement. This broader model consists of two tiers of second pillar savings – mandated and non-mandated (voluntary). Furthermore, the government can set two types of guarantees on the first (mandated) tier –...