In this paper we discuss necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship. We use panel data to analyze how these two types of entrepreneurs differ in general, and in their ability to discover and exploit entrepreneurial opportunities. We find that the opportunities exploited by opportunity...

Education is a well-known driver of (entrepreneurial) income. The measurement of its influence, however, suffers from endogeneity suspicion. For instance, ability and occupational choice are mentioned as driving both the level of (entrepreneurial) income and of education. Using instru-mental...

The paper uses data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) to analyze entrepreneurial activities by foreigners in Germany. The results from our regression analysis are the following: First, foreigners in self-employment are found to earn more than foreigners in a regular employment...

Bayesian methods constitute an alternative to null hypothesis significance testing (NHST). This article briefly reviews the concept of Bayesian methods, describes its differences with NHST, and discusses the potential of Bayesian methods to advance family business research and practice. We argue...

This paper analyzes the effects of patents and trademarks in the financing of start-ups through venture capitalists (VCs). Patents and trademarks signal a start-up’s technological and marketing capabilities. We find that patents and trademarks not only have direct effects on venture capital...

Drawing on institutional theory and the model of entrepreneurial action, we build and test a multilevel model on the outcomes of entrepreneurship education. Essentially, we suggest that entrepreneurship education has stronger relationships with subsequent entrepreneurial activity in seemingly...

Employees can work in family firms or non-family firms. Yet, little is known on the determinants of this particular occupational choice decision. Using a sample of more than 15,000 individuals in 40 countries, we empirically explore individual preferences to work in family firms. Our results...

Despite a worldwide increase in university patenting, empirical studies have largely focused on analyzing university patenting in individual countries and regions. We provide analyses from an international perspective, examining patents at the top 300 universities worldwide. By providing a...

This study analyzes the effects of regional- and firm-level factors on the intellectual property (IP) output (i.e., patents and trademarks) of high-tech firms. So far, little is known on how regional factors influence the IP output of high-tech firms. We combine data on 8,317 German high-tech...