classroom activity to nudge students towards thinking in a backward-inductive manner. The pedagogic innovation is in introducing … become smaller and smaller in the reduced games, students stumble on to the backwardly inductive winning strategy. The …

students’ perceived impact of teaching evaluations, (2) communicate a descriptive norm of high participation, and (3) use the … commitment-consistency principle by asking students to commit to participation. We find that none of the nudges were effective … evidence that the effectiveness of both the impact and commitment treatments differed across students. The impact treatment had …

student performance on the TUCE III. Common influences, those shared by all students in a given classroom, included: day vs …. night time of course; class size; peer effects; and teacher effects. Samples of 500 pre-test students and 400 post tests … survey of the teachers and to department records. Operating by random chance, 76 pretest students were resampled on posttests …