This article outlines the current state of the law regarding conduct that, while otherwise protected by Section 7 of the National Labor Relations Act, nonetheless involves workplace profanity or offensive speech that potentially violates employer civility rules and equal employment opportunity...

This paper offers a new representation of discrimination on the job market based on the most recent findings in the socio-psychological academic literature about human behavior. Put it simply, it is assumed that the agents prefer working with people like themselves. This affinity principle is...

Masculinities theory explains that masculinity is constructed in relation to a dominant image of gender difference, ultimately defining itself simply as what quot;femininityquot; is not. In the workplace, masculinities comprise both a structure that reinforces the superiority of men over women,...

Suppose that an employer fires an employee for two reasons: because the employee is a woman and because she is habitually tardy. In such a quot;mixed motivequot; case, can we say that the employee was fired quot;because ofquot; her sex, as required by most anti-discrimination laws?The answer...

The struggle for sex equality at work has largely been achieved in the developed world, it is claimed. The number of well-qualified young women entering white-collar employment and achieving promotion to first-line and middle management positions now matches or exceeds their male peers. Many...

The transition has generated an unprecedented phenomenon in the Romania: the loss of millions of jobs by people who have almost no personal experience of job loss or of a competitive labour market. Although female participation in the labour force has decreased in Romania, male participation has...

In this article, I examine the manner in which the lower federal courts have applied the affirmative defense to liability for supervisory sexual harassment, which was articulated by the United States Supreme Court in the 1998 cases of Burlington Industries, Inc. v. Ellerth and Faragher v. Boca...

Unconscious bias is widely recognized as the most pervasive barrier to equal employment opportunity for minorities and women in the workplace today and yet many argue that federal laws prohibiting discrimination do not prohibit unconscious discrimination. This article argues that the law does in...