In recent years both equity and bond markets have been afflicted by high volatility. In order to build up a conservative portfolio several models may be used, such as minimum variance portfolio or equally weighted portfolio. In 2008/09 another way to deal with diversification came up, that is...

The recent experience from the global financial crisis has raised serious doubts about the accuracy of standard risk measures as a tool to quantify extreme downward risks. Standard risk measures are subject to a “model risk” due to the specification and estimation uncertainty. We propose a...

This paper examines the effects of liquidity on the stock and portfolio risk measure by Value at Risk (VaR). Using daily stock returns and firm market capitalization, empirical calculation of VaR that confirmed not yet succeeded to prove pattern of relations between risk and liquidity both...

We propose a method for optimal portfolio selection built on the Black and Litterman model and with two major contributions. We introduce in the investors' objective function a risk measure named expected tail loss, which is useful in portfolio selection context as it supports the benefi ts of...

The recent crisis made it evident that replicating the performance of a benchmark is not a sufficient goal to meet the expectations of usually risk-averse investors. The manager should also consider that the investor are seeking for a downside protection when the benchmark performs poorly and...

Existence of underestimation bias on risk for optimized portfolio is well known to quantitative fund managers who construct their portfolio from optimizer (mathematical software) by using multi factor risk model. There are some reasons for underestimation of portfolio risk. One of the reasons of...

We propose a robust portfolio optimization approach based on Value-at-Risk (VaR) adjusted Sharpe ratios. Traditional Sharpe ratio estimates based on limited historical return data are subject to estimation errors. Portfolio optimization based on traditional Sharpe ratios ignores this uncertainty...

It is well known that investors usually assign part of their funds to asset managers who are given the task of beating a benchmark portfolio. On the other hand, the risk management off ice could impose some restrictions to the asset managers' activity in order to maintain the overall portfolio...