regimes' propensity to change towards democratization and economic prosperity. They took Togo as model to test their approach … of political conditionality of aid, which had been emphasised also as corner stone of the joint EU-Africa strategy …. Empirical findings on the linkage between democratization and economic performance are challenged in this paper because of its …

democratization at the grass-roots, but postponed time and again since 1987, were again postponed in December 2018 sine die. The human … international community, notably Togo’s African peers, the AU and ECOWAS, followed a ‘laissez-faire’ approach in the interests of … regional stability and their national interests in dealing with Togo. Economic growth remained stable at about 5% per annum …

When the longest-serving African dictator, Togo's Gnassingbé Eyadéma, died unexpectedly in February 2005 after 38 years … of autocratic rule, Togo became a test case for indigenous democratisation efforts of African states. However, it soon … democratic forces of Togo at the time of the execution of fair and free elections. Afterwards a long-term reconstruction …

This article is based on field studies in rural West Africa. It concentrates on the socio-structural effects of …

in particular, little is known on the effect of donors policies on civic agency for democratization in aid dependent … democratic revolutions in autocratic regimes. The differing outcome of 'democratic revolutions' in Togo and Burkina Faso - both …

Over the past two decades, donors increasingly linked foreign aid to democracy objectives in sub-Saharan Africa. Yet … and how foreign aid affects the process of democratic consolidation in sub-Saharan Africa by examining two potential … consolidation. Economic aid, on the other hand, has no effect on democratic consolidation. -- Africa ; democratic consolidation …

How does aid impact democracy in sub-Saharan Africa? Drawing on existing literature, this study elaborates on the …-offs that remain unresolved. -- accountability ; Africa ; democratic consolidation ; foreign aid ; party systems …

, did not contribute to democratization nor to the stabilization of volatile political, military and economic structures … based on dubious concepts. Certainly, the impact of drug trafficking could endanger democratization and state-building if …

stability in West Africa in view of growing Islamist threats in neighbouring countries made that the delayed democratic reforms …

regimes’ propensity to change towards democratization and economic prosperity. They took Togo as model to test their approach … of political conditionality of aid, which had been emphasised also as corner stone of the joint EU-Africa strategy …. Empirical findings on the linkage between democratization and economic performance are challenged in this paper because of its …