This paper presents an analysis of the effect of bureaucratic corruption on economic growth through a public finance …. Corruption takes the form of the embezzlement of public funds, the effect of which is to increase the government's reliance on …

Conventional wisdom depicts corruption as a tax on incumbent firms. This paper challenges this view in two ways. First …, by arguing that corruption matters not so much because of the value of the bribe ("tax"), but because of another less … studied feature of corruption, namely bribe unavoidability. Second, we argue that the social costs of corruption arise not …