On May 14, 2018, the United States Supreme Court struck down the federal prohibition on sports gambling. The sweeping opinion, authored by Justice Alito, ended more than a quarter-century old policy that kept states from offering sports gambling and therefore, sports betting was confined almost...

Patent licensing contracts commonly prohibit licensees from challenging the validity of the patents at the basis of the contract or penalize such challenges. A considerable debate has emerged as to whether courts should enforce these challenge clauses. We argue that this debate has not gone far...

This article discusses an important phenomenon in the European Union governance. This is a difference between a political spectrum of a particular EU Member State at the EU level and at the national level of that Member State.The work pleads for the necessity of an effective coupling between the...

Over centuries, efficient allocation of limited resources has been one main concerns of governments and social scientists. The emergence of the Internet fuelled the proliferation of online matching platforms that facilitate the redistribution of omnipresent surplus resources. This article...

The subject of taxpayer rights is receiving increasing attention worldwide. Tax scholars, practitioners, and administrators are grappling with the challenges of delivering on the promise of taxpayer rights, the benefits of success, and the price of failure. Nevertheless, a fundamental question...

In vivo conversion is a process, often metabolic in nature, wherein one substance, usually a chemical compound, is altered significantly by physiological pathways in the body into one or more different substances. For example, when a patient ingests a therapeutic drug, that drug is often...

This paper uses a natural experiment to measure market response to the adoption of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX). Because SOX applies to all US public companies, US-based studies have difficulty separating the effects of contemporaneous events. However, controlled analysis is available: SOX...

The expansion of the derivatives and stock loan markets has permitted investors a great deal of flexibility in structuring their voting rights in and economic ownership of corporations. Some investors have used this flexibility to engage in a practice I label quot;negative voting,quot; which...

The United States has long been a country of prohibitions, with the most memorable prohibition in American history being the ban on alcohol sales in 1920, which lasted until the ratification of the 21st Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. While the federal ban on alcohol has long since been...