phase-ins of agreements, lagged terms-of-trade effects, reverse causality, various estimation techniques, disaggregation …

This paper compares various estimation techniques used to determine the impact of distance and borders on international … estimation method. In addition, also the size of both effects varies substantially across estimation methods. Finally, the … authors generally find that the estimations are in line with the respective weighting schemes of each estimation method. …

years 2000-2006 and perform a double difference-in-differences estimation. The results show that the enlargement …

and exchange rate mechanisms. McCallum [1995] found that the US-Canada border led to trade between provinces that is a … puzzle' by applying the theory seriously. We find that national borders reduce trade between the US and Canada by about 44 … of a combination of omitted variables bias and the small size of the Canadian economy. Within-Canada trade rises by a …