We present a general model of the interaction between settlement and the emergence of de facto property rights on frontiers prior to governments establishing and enforcing de jure property rights. Settlers have an incentive to establish de facto property rights to avoid the dissipation...

We present a conceptual framework to better understand the interaction between settlement and the emergence of de facto property rights on frontiers prior to governments establishing and enforcing de jure property rights. In this framework, potential rents associated with more exclusivity drives...

We test the hypotheses that fundamental characteristics in regional proximity, landlockedness, religious-domination, legal origin, and income levels affect cross-country differences in the persistence in political terror and political instability in 163 countries for the period 2010 to 2015. The...

Crises in Thailand, South Korea, Mexico or Marshall Plan are all examples of different forms of financial crises that the world has been exposed to over the decades. At the same time an extensive flow of financial aid is also evident. The problem posed in this paper is whether the financial...

The paper finds a significant shift in the economic characteristics of civil conflicts during the 1990s. Conflicts have become shorter but with more severe contractions and a stronger recovery of growth. The overall length and cost of the conflict cycle has probably declined. The stance of...

We test the hypotheses that fundamental characteristics in regional proximity, landlockedness, religious-domination, legal origin, and income levels affect cross-country differences in the persistence in political terror and political instability in 163 countries for the period 2010 to 2015. The...

This comment examines the energy challenges that the Indian government faces in developing its infrastructure. It briefly summarizes the policies adopted by the government, as well as their scope and limits

This paper examines whether European notions of securitization and societal security provide insights into immigration policies of non-European states, and if so, how changes in a state’s particular definition of societal security are connected to its policy reforms. The argument proceeds in...

Europe is on the threshold of a campaign of imposing more disclosure requirements and costs through company and securities legislation. The following issues led to this European policy: Firstly, the SarbOx adaptation policy was put in place to protect European companies from the SEC's filings...