The purpose of this Policy Bulletin is to determine whether wireline and wireless telephone services are close enough substitutes to be effective intermodal competitors. Using the standard tools of antitrust economics, this Policy Bulletin presents evidence indicating that wireless is not an...

One of the most contentious debates in modern telecommunications policy regards whether or not a regulatory mandated reductions in the per-minute costs of long distance carriers - access charges domestically and settlement rates internationally - are fully reflected in the per-minute prices for...

The Telecommunications Act of 1996 (the "1996 Act"), by stressing the reduction or elimination of entry barriers that prevent the fragmentation of market structure and an increase in the number of competitors, established competition and deregulation as the foundation for public policy towards...

This paper aims at highlighting the Commission's approach towards the relation between sector specific regulation and general competition law, especially concerning energy markets and the road to Internal Market objective.We firstly present Trinko case, in order to focus on two crucial and...

In this paper we will examine the issue of ownership unbundling and forced divestiture remedies imposed in a series of recent competition law cases of the energy market - examined in other papers - in relation to the possible existence of a series of legal obstacles. These energy market...

This POLICY PAPER examines whether there is a relationship between regulated rates for "unbundled local loops" and deployment of broadband technology by incumbents and entrants. Using an econometric model that analyzes 2002 and 2003 local loop rates and takes into account price variability and...

In this paper, we will analyse further the issue of concurrence between competition and sector rules and the relation between parallel concepts within the two different legal frameworks. We will firstly examine Third Party Access in relation to essential facilities doctrine and refusal of access...

In this paper we especially focus on the issue of incentives to invest in relation to forced sharing of essential facilities and infrastructure in developing markets, where innovation plays a key role. We evaluate the economic consequences of third party access to the obliged to grant access...

The bipartisan 1996 Congressional Review Act requires agencies to submit rules and guidance documents to both houses of Congress and to the Government Accountability Office, to provide Congress opportunity to disapprove them before they become effective. Addional provisions apply to major...