The effectiveness of any competition authorities' enforcement depends as much on the actual implementation of the adopted decisions as on the investigation of the infringements and the finding of liability. Once liability has been established, re-establishing the conditions for effective...

We conduct an experiment to test standard theoretical predictions concerning switching behavior in a rebate and a discount scheme. Beyond theoretical expectations we find that rebate and discount schemes exert a significant attraction that enhances the potentially exclusionary effect of the...

The most striking initial observation when looking at the Commission's track record in 2004-2008 is that its horizontal merger enforcement seems to have ground to a near halt when measured by the number and proportion of prohibition decisions. However, as we argue below, prohibition decisions...

This article discusses two elements that the draft EU Directive on actions for damages treats only perfunctorily. The first concerns lucrum cessans or the quantity effect which is found to be of a relatively higher magnitude than the price effect. The second concerns the difficulties of...

The European Parliament and the Council recently adopted the damages directive that is currently being transposed into national law in all EU member states. This concludes the policy initiative of the European Commission that aimed at bolstering damages actions in the EU. Based on the heads of...

We present a structural model to investigate the effects of horizontal cooperation on investment in the context of telecommunication networks. More specifically, we estimate the effect of network sharing in the mobile telecommunications industry on prices, network quality and consumer welfare....

We investigate the effects of network sharing agreements between mobile network operators on prices and consumer welfare, taking also quality effects into account. Network sharing agreements allow multiple network operators to use the same physical infrastructure for the provision of mobile...

The European Commission's remedial practice displays important differences in the type of remedies accepted in merger as opposed to antitrust cases. This paper briefly reviews the Commission's remedies practice over the last 14 years highlighting the differences and discussing inconsistencies....