This paper discusses the economic issues involved in the government's case against Microsoft. In particular, we examine the competitive effects of Microsoft's contractual restrictions, including the bundling of its Internet browser with the Windows 98 operating system in agreements with computer...

On November 6, 2001, the U.S. Department of Justice and the Microsoft Corporation reached an agreement on the terms of a proposed settlement. The proposed decree brought to a conclusion the most closely followed antitrust case in history. This paper examines whether the antitrust remedy embodied...

The Microsoft cases in the United States and in Europe have been influential in determining the contours of the substantive liability standards for dominant firms in US antitrust law and in EC Competition law. The competition law remedies that were adopted, following the finding of liability,...

The Microsoft case (U.S. vs Microsoft, 1998) is paradigmatic of some of the most important features of an antitrust case, like the definition of the relevant market, the detection of the market power and of its abuse. In the software industry, as the companies are competing on the standard of...

The Microsoft case (U.S. vs Microsoft, 1998) is paradigmatic of some of the most important features of an antitrust case, like the definition of the relevant market, the detection of the market power and of its abuse. In the software industry, as the companies are competing on the standard of...

This paper analyzes the law and economics of United States v. Microsoft, a landmark case of antitrust intervention in network industries. The United States Department of Justice and 19 States sued Microsoft alleging (i) that it monopolized the market for operating systems of personal computers...

Large platforms are often accused of refusing to serve (or discriminating against) competing sellers in adjacent product markets. Antitrust law labels such activity a unilateral “refusal to deal” (RTD) and evaluates it under a predation-like framework shaped by the two leading RTD cases,...

Antitrust enforcement efforts both in Europe and the United States have recently increased in number of actions taken and the amount of fines imposed in high-tech industries. Recent decisions in this field have rekindled in-depth and largely unresolved debates concerning the appropriate role of...

Perhaps no living person has had greater influence on US antitrust doctrine than Herbert Hovenkamp. In fleshing out the sparse US antitrust statutes over the course of his distinguished career, Professor Hovenkamp has embraced four guiding principles: that antitrust’s goal is to promote...