A large literature attempts to identify factors that contribute to gender differences in performance and in the … men without the element of direct competition, which allows for the identification of psychological effects of competition …

Competition involves two dimensions, rivalry for resources and social-status ranking. In our experiment we exclude the … first dimension and investigate gender differences in the preference for status ranking. Participants perform a task under … being personal) and whether the ranking will be done by a man or a woman. We find no gender difference in mean status …

's willingness to participate in math competitions. However, this positive effect of trust maintains mainly in mixed-sex competition …, but not in single-sex competition. Furthermore, the effect of trust on mixed-sex competition is greater for girls than … boys, while the effect is equally insignificant for boys and girls in single-sex competition. These findings suggest the …

indicates that multiple influences shape attitudes towards competition during different periods of the life cycle. Gender … mentioned explanation could be differences in the attitude towards competition for both genders. Abundant empirical evidence … order to reduce the gender gap in educational and labor market outcomes, it is crucial to understand when and why gender …

We present evidence on the role of the social environment for the development of gender differences in competitiveness … and earnings expectations. First, we document that the gender gap in competitiveness and earnings expectations is more … causally affects girls' willingness to compete and narrows both the gender gap in competitiveness as well as the gender gap in …