significant impediment to effective competition. Under this approach, the substantive test would be fulfilled, in principle, in …

countries is long overdue: the treatment of public policies that suppress competition. Whereas the European Union (“EU”) and … to enact laws that restrain competition. Further, individual groups are largely free to lobby for laws designed to erect … available to both public and private enforcers of the U.S. antitrust laws to challenge state-imposed restraints on competition …

European Community law has played a pivotal role in opening to competition economic sectors previously under the … competition. In this paper, we will focus on the first category of market failures, i.e. the bottlenecks that may prevent … competition in the postal sector. There are two regulatory instruments to impose remedies in network industries, sector …

the objectives of competition policy. While fairness is undoubtedly an acceptable objective by itself and has its place in … the history of economic regulation, its treatment in competition policy has been carefully conceptualized over the years … in the EU competition policy …

by digital platforms are multi-fold and complex, the goal of competition authorities should be to protect innovation … offered for free, competition is based on quality, but also very largely on innovation. Thus, consumer welfare is served by … decision to host a conference in Brussels in January 2019 on “Shaping competition policy in the era of digitisation”, seeks to …