The purpose of this paper is to show how the pattern of trade relations between the United States and African countries is gradually moving from unilateralism towards reciprocity. It therefore demonstrates that the AGOA was conceived to be a building block toward future bilateral trade...

This article provides an overview of the recently concluded Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPP), a treaty the parties have described as comprehensive and ambitious, yet also representing a balance of competing interests. The article focuses on the TPP's chapters relating to investment,...

This article elaborates upon ideas contributed to a symposium considering the possible shape of an Asia Pacific Community, including future trade arrangements within an Asia Pacific Community. It suggests some innovations in dispute settlement that could be considered for inclusion in such...

Given the current state of multilateral trade negotiations, it appears that preferential trade agreements (PTAs) will serve as the main vehicle for increased liberalization in the short term. The question arises, whether the proposed Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) should and could include...

This paper argues that China’s attitude to multilateral trade is unclear. Moreover, China assumes little responsibility to maintain international order in global economic governance. Furthermore, this paper argues that China should hide less behind the status of a developing country and stand...

The role and shape of international trade agreements is changing. No longer simple devices for easing the movement of goods across borders, it is becoming both an instrument of integrated economic regulation at the supra national level and a tool of international relations within the emerging...

New Zealand and Australia’s natural and mutual trust sets their efforts for a closer relationship apart from many other countries. The idea of a common Europe was seen as a solution to bitter conflict which has divided people and nations over several centuries. In North America, the Canadian...

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the at times problematic interplay of regional and bilateral treaties regulating international economic law. Though academics have long debated whether regional and bilateral instruments threaten the hegemony of the multilateral trading system, no...

This paper examines the impact of the Free Trade Agreement between Mexico and the European Union (MEUFTA) on trade flows between Mexico and the EU and between Mexico and its NAFTA partners. It also considers the economic and political context in which the MEUFTA was negotiated and some of the...

This paper explores the massive strides that were made in response to the COVID-19 pandemic by national drug regulatory agencies (NRAs) in order to achieve what ultimately became the fastest incidence in human history of the development, testing, approval, manufacture, and distribution of a new...