Citizenship represents the permanent legal and political relationship that exists between the state and the individual. Citizenship is often defined in terms of legislation and accompanying political debates, far from the realities experienced by citizens. Due to the lack of uniformity between...

Uluslararasi iliskiler tarihinin barislardan cok savaslar ve yikimlar tarihi oldugu varsayimi, bu alani ulusal cikar, askeri güc ve devlet eksenli kisir bir döngüye hapsetmistir. Son yüzyil icinde yasanan küresel savaslar ve insanlik trajedileri bu varsayimi dogrulasa da, uluslararasi...

Die Verhandlungen zwischen den USA und der EU über das Transatlantische Freihandels- und Investitionsabkommen (TTIP) sind in den letzten Monaten in das öffentliche Interesse gerückt. Umstritten ist vor allem das vorgesehene Investitionskapitel, das neben der Investitionsliberalisierung...

The interestingness of marine piracy issue in Somalia is caused by the fact that firstly, piracy problem is often shown and discussed in mass media and secondly because it is still an unsolved trouble. Finally pirates attacks in Somalia have a great influence on late delivery of cargo ships’...

The EU ideals and objectives are constant throughout the history of this international organization: the creation of a single internal market and a complete integration. The EU law provides for both rules of substantive law and rules of conflict regarding international trade activities. It can...

The european law prohibit direct and indirect discrimination and harrasment on grounds of sex, racial or ethnic, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual orientation. The question is what is the situation when someone is discriminated on can claim to be the victim of unlawful discrimination...

A szerző, aki az Európai Unió Bíróságának bírája, miután röviden ismerteti a Bíróság szervezetének, hatáskörének alapelemeit, áttekintést ad a Magyarország ellen indított kötelezettségszegési eljárásokról és a magyar bíróságok által kezdeményezett előzetes...

The universal adoption of collective action clauses (CACs) was the most promising reform proposal in recent debates on sovereign debt crisis management. Academics and the public sector had been promoting CACs since 1995, yet market practice did not begin to change until 2003. This delay is often...

Sovereign bond contracts are notoriously hard to enforce. The few rights that bondholders have can be vested either collectively or individually. It seems that investors traditionally had a preference for the latter, which hindered financial market reform projects, such as the universal adoption...

Over the last ten years, organisations such as the IMF have launched several initiatives to change market practice with respect to sovereign bond contract drafting to ease restructuring after defaults. The first of these, the universal adoption of collective action clauses, was embraced by the...