that perfect patent protection is optimal under symmetric information, whereas this is not so if the licensor has private … for most patent protection levels, yet the latter dominates the former in the presence of an optimal policy for each …. This allows us to derive a combination of patent protection and R&D subsidy that yields the first-best results under …

initial inventor on the one hand and overall innovation incentives on the other hand. We find that incomplete patent … protection can positively affect overall innovation incentives while maintaining the advantageousness of patent protection over …From the viewpoint of an innovator a patent is a tradeoff between the right to exclude others from using the patented …

We show that the common wisdom suggesting higher investment in innovation under a stronger patent protection may not be … slope of the marginal cost of undertaking innovation is moderate, investment in innovation is maximised at a patent … innovation. We also show that welfare is maximised neither at the strongest patent protection nor at the weakest patent …

of critical knowledge. Given that a patent specification has to include a clear description of the patented matter so … to patent law. This paper provides a model identifying the incentives for firms to deliberately obscure their inventive … knowledge in a patent specification. …

We study how fragmentation of patent rights ('patent thickets') and the formation of the Court of Appeal for the … Federal Circuit (CAFC) affected the duration of patent disputes, and thus the speed of technology diffusion through licensing …. We develop a model of patent litigation which predicts faster settlement agreements when patent rights are fragmented and …

The paradigmatic defendant in a patent lawsuit is a vertically integrated manufacturer. But much economic activity is …'s infringement. Often patent owners have the option of suing some or all of the members of a supply chain who contribute to the … design, creation and marketing of a new technology.Businesses increasingly contemplate the risk of patent infringement when …

This paper analyzes how injunctions relate to patent hold-up problems. To this end, we present a simple model of … licensing negotiations between a patent holder and a downstream firm in the shadow of litigation. More specifically, we consider … the situation in which an injunction is granted as a matter of course if a patent is found valid and infringed upon in …

reduce standardization, impede innovation, and constrain market negotiation of patent license agreements. The article … decision making. SEP holders and implementers create negotiated FRAND commitments through patent license agreements. Courts … introduces the concept of the “patent run-around” to describe potential effects of “licensing to all” regulations. The article …

Patent settlements between rivals restrain competition in many different ways. Antitrust requires that their … anticompetitive effects are reasonably commensurate with the firms’ expectations about (counterfactual) patent litigation. Because …

which are under patent protection in India. The Indian prices of DPP-4 inhibitors are higher than those of other drugs in … the same segment, but only a fraction of the price in the U.S. and other developed countries (i.e., the patent holders … practice international differential pricing). The patent holders also license the products out voluntarily to local …