Universities are increasingly emphasizing the creation of new companies as a mechanism for commercialization of intellectual property. This special issue provides a timely opportunity to assess the rise of entrepreneurial activity at universities and its organizational and societal implications....

Formal university technology transfer mechanisms, through licensing agreements, research joint ventures, and university-based startups, have attracted considerable attention in the academic literature. Surprisingly, there has been little systematic empirical analysis of the propensity of...

The recent increase in the rate of commercialization of intellectual property at US and European universities has important performance and policy implications. We review recent studies of the antecedents and consequences of these activities and then draw some lessons learned for policy-makers....

CSR encompasses broad questions about the changing relationship between business, society, and government. An authoritative review of the academic research that has both prompted, and responded to, these issues, the text provides clear thinking and perspectives on CSR and the debates around it.

Increases in purchased services, foreign outsourcing, and investments in computers are alleged to have resulted in an understatement of input growth in manufacturing, and thus. overstatement of growth in productivity. GNP, and value-added in industries heavily engaged in these activities. Based...

This paper presents evidence based on establishment-level Census Bureau data concerning the effects of ownership change on the employment and wages of both central-office workers and manufacturing plant employees. We find that central offices that changed owners between 1977 and 1982 had...

In his highly influential essay, Milton Friedman argued that companies should never engage in “social responsibility,” defined as going beyond regulatory compliance and normal business practices to advance a “social” goal. In contrast, I argue for a more nuanced approach when considering...

In recent years, there has been an increase in the commercialization of intellectual property (IP), via such mechanisms as patents, licences, copyrights, and trade marks. New institutions (e.g. science parks), as well as new organizational forms (e.g. research joint ventures), have emerged to...