This short paper summarizes the main findings of a comprehensive study the authors conducted on the way “vertical restraints” adopted by dominant firms (with a focus on exclusive dealing, rebates and discounts and tying) have been treated by enforcement agencies and courts in the European...

This article discusses the justifications to implement public policies towards widespread access to information and communications technologies (ICTs) in the context of developing countries. It argues that the so-called universal access policies can be seen as important pieces of broader...

This paper examines the question of how a nation can combat corruption and collusion and prevent these practices from plaguing and undermining public procurement processes. This matter is especially important to Brazil where Operation Car Wash (Operação Lava Jato) exposed widespread corruption...

English Abstract: This paper examines the question of how a nation can combat corruption and collusion and prevent these practices from plaguing and undermining public procurement processes. This matter is especially important to Brazil where Operation Car Wash (Operação Lava Jato) exposed...

This paper examines the question of how a nation can combat corruption and collusion and prevent these practices from plaguing and undermining public procurement processes. This matter is especially important to Brazil where Operation Car Wash (Operação Lava Jato) exposed widespread corruption...

This paper is concerned with the policy choices and trends related to the institutional design of competition law and regulatory enforcement. It focuses on the different architectures that seek to reconcile and bring together the tools used to regulate the behaviour of undertakings ex ante and...

Regulatory interventions aimed at promoting competition in digital markets face a challenge: how to design remedies that actually improve welfare? This Article helps provide an answer to this question. First, it maps out the frontier of remedy design: Part I.A summarizes antitrust and regulatory...

The American Supreme Court decision in Ohio v. American Express (AMEX) will shape the future of US antitrust enforcement on multi-sided platforms. In a controversial landmark ruling, both the Court's majority and minority battled over definitions of relevant markets in the complex industry of...

This study concerns the way agreements between a dominant supplier and its customers that restrict the ability of those customers to buy from the dominant firm’s rivals, including exclusive dealing, conditional rebates and tying and bundling (hereafter, “vertical restraints”) have been...

The Brazilian competition agencies have been implementing some very important initiatives to further increment the effectiveness of their enforcement activities. Caio Mário da Silva Pereira Neto & Paulo Leonardo Casagrande, Brasil, Pereira Neto, Galdino, Macedo Advogados