Whether command-control environmental regulation can play a positive role in circumstances of imperfect market incentive-based environmental regulation remains rarely explored. Using the difference-in-difference model, we find that command-control environmental regulation can significantly...

Compromised kidney function is associated with an array of environmental contaminants and chemicals, including heavy metals, certain organic solvents, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as well as food and waterborne pathogens. Many of these hazards are subject to regulation, or may be...

Asthma is a non-communicable and non-curable lung disease that is associated with an array of environmental contaminants and chemicals. Many of these hazards are subject to regulation, or may be considered for regulation, in order to reduce exposures and prevent human health risks. However, the...

There is ample evidence that exposure to various chemicals can increase the probability of children to be born with low or very low birth weight. Infants born with very low birth weight have a higher risk of suffering from neurosensory problems, issues related to behavioural and social...

Exposure to chemicals has been shown to reduce IQ in children. In turn, a person’s IQ is likely to affect their educational achievements, which may then affect lifetime earnings, more generally, a person’s quality of life. At the same time, authorities face challenges in regulating chemical...

The May 2021 ransomware attack on Colonial Pipeline was a wake-up call for a federal administration slow to realize the dangers that cybersecurity threats pose to our critical national infrastructure. The attack forced hundreds of thousands of Americans along the east coast to stand in endless...

This study investigates the effect of individual health conditions on individual innovation output, utilizing the staggered passage of recreational marijuana policies as an exogenous shock. Employing a large and current sample of U.S. inventors from 2010 to 2018, our study identifies a...

Addressing climate change requires an unprecedented amount of collaboration. Investors, civil society actors, and NGOs recognize this, and are creating alliances to support collaborative climate governance. The scale of these investor alliances is massive–just consider Climate Action 100+,...

Tackling the climate crisis requires transitioning from fossil fuel to clean energy, which will necessarily have a significant impact on jobs and the economy overall. The impact of this shift has sometimes been feared as a development that will be harmful to workers and the economy. Fossil fuel...

The European Union Deforestation-free Regulation imposes on importers and traders exacting requirements to ensure that relevant commodities and products are deforestation-free and comply with local human rights legislation before they are made available in the EU market. These requirements are...