meet our international obligations, Congress ignored the Constitution, specifically the Patent and Copyright Clause. In … this Essay, I describe how the Patent and Copyright Clause17 insists that Congress cannot so readily trade America's “air.” …

innovation are suppressed. Finally, I will argue that adopting the institutions of copyright, patent, and trade secret is one way …

creation, whereas patent law prevents both copying and independent creation …

This paper analyzes and compares two types of cooperative agreements that combine Intellectual Property (IP): patent …. Although patent pools and copyright collectives differ in purpose, membership size and market conditions, their efficiency …

Patent law is virtually alone in intellectual property (IP) in punishing independent development. To infringe a … copyright or trade secret, defendants must copy the protected IP from the plaintiff, directly or indirectly. But patent … infringement requires only that the defendant's product falls within the scope of the patent claims. Not only doesn't the defendant …