Understanding the long-term patterns of innovation in energy technologies is crucial to informing public policy planning in the context of climate change. This paper analyzes which of two common models of innovation over the technology life-cycle – the product-process innovation shift observed...

We analyze how a product's design hierarchy shapes the evolution of the underlying body of technological knowledge, building on the literature on technological evolution in complex products. This literature suggests that the design hierarchy of a product can have an ordering effect on the...

High upfront costs are a critical barrier for investments in clean infrastructure technologies in developing countries. This paper uses a case study of Thailand’s electricity sector to create realistic estimates for the relative contributions of local and global technological learning to...

Private financing and private participation in service delivery will be required if Sub-Saharan Africa is to achieve affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy for all by 2030. To find out how to elicit private interest in power sector investments in the region, we surveyed 51 private...

This paper develops a classification of investor risks and surveys 51 private investors and financiers in the power sector in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper aims for a better understanding of what can be done to attract private solutions to fill the investment gap. It finds that the average...

This paper analyzes power utilities in 15 jurisdictions to understand the determinants of success for reforms aimed at improving financial viability and cost recovery in the power sector and the impacts of these reforms on metrics of sector performance. The analysis finds that electricity...