Earnings on cross-border investments figure only marginally in net estimates of the U.S. current account, but they represent an increasingly large share of gross flows between the United States and other nations. Because these earnings fluctuate much more sharply than trade flows, they can be...

U.S. assertion of political power in the World Trade Organization (WTO)'s appointment process reminds us of the tenuous balance that exists between state power, adjudication and legitimacy in WTO dispute settlement. Even more fundamentally, it prompts questions about whether reformation of...

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the People's Republic of China have adored long-lasting and friendly ties – regardless of their ideological differences, evident in their very names. This article discusses economic cooperation between China and Pakistan with Chinese investment in Pakistani...

Why have the nine ICSID decisions arising under the U.S.-Argentina BIT been inconsistent in the face of largely undisputed facts and identical legal norms? This article suggests that the disparate opinions in the Argentine cases may be a consequence of the lack of agreement on interpretive...

For several decades, the international community has aspired to integrate the social, economic and environmental dimensions of sustainability. Yet, no country has achieved the patterns of consumption and production that could sustain global prosperity in the coming decades. Thus, with the...

Global economic landscape has been changed in modern era and the main derivers of this change are; trade liberalization, technology, freer capital movements between countries, advancement in communication and transport infrastructure, advancement in cross border supply chain system etc....

The politics of modern world is changing every day and all developing countries look for new markets to survive in all situations. China, as the world's leading producer, also looks for multiple markets to decrease the chances of any major setback of economy in future. In these lines, China has...

National debates over policies that affect the flow of digital information are heating up as censorship, surveillance, control over personal data, and requirements to store data locally have emerged as contentious political issues. In the coming years, governments will need to carefully craft...

Both the American left and right often use “national security” to justify sweeping proposals for new U.S. protectionism and industrial policy. “Free markets” and a lack of government support for the manufacturing sector are alleged to have crippled the U.S. defense industrial base’s...