Since its beginnings, economics, as a scientific discipline, has imported knowledge from other sciences (i.e. physics, biology, ecology, mathematics, etc.). Our aim is to bring the methodological tools of the thermodynamics in areas as the innovation. Moreover, these tools can be extended to...

In this article, our aim is to study how firms and territories adapt to very fast qualitatively major changes in the environment. As opposed to the prevalent Darwinian approach in which the logic of the phenotype takes shape as a “slow and moderate” adaptation of social organisations to...