Whether green bonds deliver a cheaper cost of capital to issuers than vanilla bonds has been a contentious issue since the start of the green bond market. In the market's early days anecdotal statements from green bond issuers that their bonds were being oversubscribed, resulting in a pricing...

The green bond market has grown rapidly since its inception in 2007. Climate-aligned standards provide investors with the confidence that their investments deliver a measurable climate benefit. Serving as a benchmark, these standards demonstrate alignment with the Paris Agreement, against which...

This paper serves as an introduction to the Journal of Environmental Investing's issue (Vol. 10, No. 1, 2020) on climate and green bonds. Fixed income securities that integrate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors have become a crucial component of most sustainable investment and...

There aren't many ways for the average citizen to become involved in energy regulation. Citizens have little input into any utility docket process; moreover, because the process is so difficult for the average citizen to understand, there is little oversight provided by the public in regular,...

Deploying a ‘bottom up' asset-level methodology, we analysed the exposure of all of Japan's current and planned coal-fired power stations to environment-related risk. Planned coal capacity greatly exceeds that required for replacement - by 191%. This may result in overcapacity and combined...

Spanish Abstract: Los procesos de globalización e internacionalización de la economía han operado profundos cambios en los mercados en general y en el sector agroindustrial en particular; han impuesto nuevas normas de producción y comercialización que incluyen en su cadena de valor a una...

Open and competitive bidding process (toss a coin) promotes transparency, efficiency and cost reduction as compared to direct negotiations (shake a hand). This paper provides an overview of renewable energy interventions in Angola, Algeria, Cote Dvoire, Ghana and Nigeria. Further, best practices...

The aim of this report is to ascertain priority concerns for further climate proofing action through opposing current EU efforts to different threats, and suggest complementary options (cf. chapter 3) for the following four sectors: (1) Energy, (2) Transport infrastructure, (3) Urban areas, and...

Energy efficiency and conservation are the most practical and cost effective approaches to providing energy services and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and deliver a wide range of social, economic, security, and environmental benefits. Although they represent the most sustainable approach to...

This paper investigates the price effect of EPC ratings on the residential dwelling prices in Wales. It examines the capitalisation of energy efficiency ratings into house prices using two approaches. The first adopts a cross-sectional framework to investigate the effect of EPC band (and EPC...