We present a theory of individual choice in which the decisionmaker focuses more on, and hence weights more heavily, attributes on which the options in her consideration set are more different. Consistent with evidence on salience in monetary choices, our model predicts that the decisionmaker is...

We present a generally applicable theory of focusing based on the hypothesis that a person focuses more on, and hence overweights, attributes in which her options differ more. Our model predicts that the decision maker is too prone to choose options with concentrated advantages relative to...

We develop a model that fleshes out, extends, and modifies existing models of reference dependent preferences and loss aversion while accomodating most of the evidence motivating these models. Our approach makes reference-dependent theory more broadly applicable by avoiding some of the ways that...