This is a survey of legal liability for accidents. Three general aspects of accident liability are addressed. The first … is the effect of liability on incentives, both whether to engage in activities (for instance, whether to drive) and how …-bearing and insurance, for the liability system acts as an implicit insurer for accident victims and it imposes risk on potential …

We analyze liability rules in a setting where injurers are potentially insolvent and where negligence standards may … deviate from the socially optimal level. We show that proportional liability, which sets the measure of damages equal to the … negligence-based rules. Moreover, proportional liability outperforms strict liability if the standard of due care is not set too …