neglected diseases. A number of alternative innovation incentives have therefore been proposed. This paper highlights some of …

far behind the innovative manufacturing found in other industries. This lack of innovation in drug manufacturing stands in … stark contrast to the innovation present in drug discovery. Drug discovery is the focus of a calibrated innovation policy … dollars and in human lives. This article addresses the previously underappreciated role of manufacturing in innovation studies …

This paper analyses the causal impact of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) on pharmaceutical innovation in a panel of …. Domestic innovation is measured as citation-weighted domestic patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO): to account for … to patent at the EPO. Results show that, in the short-run, IPR stimulate innovation. The effect for developing countries …

different configurations of the patent system upon innovation and competition. The model is able to replicate the main stylized … adverse effects in terms of innovation outcomes, as well as of market competition and consumer welfare. Such general …

innovation are necessarily at odds with each other. Although intuitively appealing, the argument that drug regulation negatively … than decreasing the expected returns to innovation, this aspect of regulation contributes to the value of new drugs and may … actually encourage innovation. This point has largely been absent from most cost-benefit analyses of drug regulation, yet …