The purpose of this paper is to define innovation and to proffer evidence of its existence through the use of statistical method and mathematical modeling. Innovation is defined by the confidence interval of the normal probability distribution density where μ ± 2σ = 0.95 leaving a room of...

This paper focusses on the definition of the word ‘innovation’ as used in scholarly manuscripts (books and articles) about the Innovation. The research was done in 1988, and reported in the Dutch Language in a Research Paper of the University of Eindhoven (The Netherlands). As preparation...

Due to the sheer number of market analysis tools available, no standard strategic planning methodology has been consistently adopted. Businesses can quickly lose focus and become guilty of instilling ‘form-over-substance’ as they implement tools they don’t completely understand, or which...

The aim of this paper is to analyse the technology transfer between public research institutes and users, in particular to measure the absorption intensity of technology within a regional system of innovation. This research uses data from the balance sheets (e.g. turnover, etc.) of the...

The National Council of Research (CNR), the largest public research body in Italy, has, from 1995 to 1998, tried a technological transfer (TT) virtual network with the aim of stimulating and coordinating initiatives for matching the supply of public scientific research and the innovation demand...

Understanding the long-term patterns of innovation in energy technologies is crucial to informing public policy planning in the context of climate change. This paper analyzes which of two common models of innovation over the technology life-cycle – the product-process innovation shift observed...

Successful innovation depends on the development and integration of new knowledge in the innovation process. In order to successfully innovate, the firm will combine different innovation activities. In addition to doing own research and development, firms typically are engaged in the acquisition...

Open innovation is a hot topic in contemporary literature in economics and management of innovation. According to Chesbrough (2003), the adoption of an open innovation strategy is nothing less than the key to success for businesses. This highlights the fact that contemporary innovation is less...

"Monitoring innovation activities of innovation process participants" is a project which has been carried out by the Higher School of Economics (HSE) for several years to promote monitoring and analysis of innovation issues in general, and on specific activities of its particular actors from a...