outbreak. Furthermore, it elaborates on patent-related policy options provided by the TRIPS Agreement, and WTO Members …COVID-19, caused by SARS-Cov-2, was declared to be a pandemic by the World Health Organization on 11 March 2020. Since … then, the issue of the relationship between patent protection and the development of and access to medical treatments and …

the extent and impact of patent holdup and holdout in the ICT sector, and then about how to eliminate or reduce these … made great efforts to solve the issue of patent holdup and holdout, there is still an ongoing struggle among divergent … stakeholders. Patent holdup and holdout directly impacts the innovation and dissemination of patented technology, the harmonization …