We hypothesise that women's participation in wage (off-farm) work is reduced when their greater water needs due to the … participation of affected (pre-menopause) women by about 10 percentage points, a large effect. As expected, there is no adverse … causal impact of poor household access to water for women post-menopause, or for men, ceteris paribus …

A gender differential in wages is considered to be discriminatory if the differential cannot be explained by gender … differences in productivity. Numerous studies have been performed to measure the extent of gender wage discrimination in countries …. This differential has been attributed to labor market discrimination against women. Using data from 2003 and 2010 Household …

. I study immigration and emigration female and male stock separately as women make up about half of the cross …

/female ratio. We explore whether this results in Mexican women entering high-skilled and better paying jobs over time. This … question is relevant since there has been an increase in women's education and labor force participation across the developing … world, but less evidence of improvements in the gender wage gap. Using an instrumental variables strategy that relies on …

A gender differential in wages is considered to be discriminatory if the differential cannot be explained by gender … differences in productivity. Numerous studies have been performed to measure the extent of gender wage discrimination in countries …. This differential has been attributed to labor market discrimination against women. Using data from 2003 and 2010 Household …

and child-rearing - a critical omission when analyzing gender differences in earnings. This paper constructs a better … can be generated using commonly available data on labor force participation rates by age and gender to gauge the … underestimate the contribution of gender differences in work experience in explaining the gender wage gap. …