The article attempts to show the role of the patent system in the internationalization of diffusion of technical … knowledge. Its purpose is to analyse, use of international technical knowledge made available through patent systems, by Polish … so-called patent citations, included in the technical documentation submitted for the protection of inventions …

database of patent applications from a cross-section of countries evidence is provided for the positive effect of flexibility …

We analyze the use of patent protection as a new policy to direct technical change to clean technology. Contrary to … popular belief, it is dirty (and not clean) innovations that should be excluded from patent protection to reduce emissions. In … the shortrun, removing patent protection on dirty technology increases emissions. However, the reduced markup on dirty …

analysis is conducted using policy and patent data for a large sample of 194 countries and territories. The policy data allows … distinguishing two dimensions of regulation, i.e. design and intensity, and their effects on innovation. The patent data is based on …

energy R&D expenditures. Technological innovation is measured using patent counts for specific technologies related to energy … likelihood to patent. Governmental energy R&D support has a small positive significant effect on patenting activities …