Our analysis of thousands of racial confrontations and protests in South Africa and the United States provides support for the hypothesis that some forms of state-sponsored repression fuel racial unrest. In the United States, our results indicate that the number of arrests by police at prior...

Under the concept of "civil death", felony convictions trigger disenfranchisement laws that suspend the voting rights of prisoners, parolees and probationers. A disproportionate number of prisoners are African-American. Consequently, these laws disproportionately fetter black voting rights and...

This paper looks at the inclusion of excluded groups, notably the racial transformation of the South African university system. Both demand-side factors - are qualified black people hired as faculty? - and supply-side factors - are there enough qualified black people who can be hired as faculty?...