Streaming music services have exploded in popularity in the past few years, variously raising optimism and concern about their impacts on recorded music revenue. On the one hand, streaming services allow sellers to engage in bundling with the promise of increasing revenues, profits, and consumer...

In practice, copyright is treated by economists and analysts as a tradeoff between monopoly and the incentive to create new works. This tradeoff is between stark opposites – power and innovation. Yet, in reality, copyrighted works face numerous close substitutes. In this paper, we formally...

This article examines how copyright formalities may aid in addressing the objectives of enhancing the free flow of information by enlarging the public domain and facilitating the licensing of copyright protected materials. For this purpose, it maps the different objectives for reintroducing...

We discuss and formally show a multi-period equilibrium in which, counter to preliminary intuition, a creator of a work, motivated by economic considerations, promotes breach of his own copyrights. In effect, by selectively enforcing copyrights, the creator is allegedly indirectly involved in...

This paper reviews and compares patent pools, intellectual property clearinghouses and copyright collectives as alternative systems for promoting efficient access to licensable intellectual property in a 'market for technology' (Arora et al 2001). These systems aid downstream use of innovations...

We construct a database of U.S. federal court decisions pertaining to copyright and changes in federal statutory copyright law, and use this database to assemble indices measuring changes in the breadth of copyright protection. We combine our indices with information on excess returns to equity...

The fair use defense in copyright law shields an intellectual commons of protected uses of copyrighted material from infringement actions. In determining whether a given use is fair, courts must assess the new use's potential effect on the market for the copyrighted work. Fair use jurisprudence...

Over the past decade, numerous scholars and commentators have asserted that the indirect copyright liability standards applied in the Napster, Aimster, and Grokster decisions, among others, significantly chill technological innovation. This article examines this critical conjecture and offers...

We investigate whether patents that are jointly held by legally independent companies help sustain product-market collusion. We use a simple model of repeated interactions to show that joint patents can serve collusive purposes. Our model generates two testable predictions: when joint patents...