This paper aims to complement the OECD Recommendation of the Council on Consumer Protection in E-Commerce by elaborating on its key principles in the context of online advertising and offering practical guidance on how to apply these principles. For these purposes, the guide provides a number of...

We investigate the effect of an EU-wide consumer protection regulation on consumer trust as well as consumer behavior. The Unfair Commercial Practice Directive (UCPD) was implemented by EU member states between 2007 and 2010. We utilize data from the Special and Flash Eurobarometer for the years...

In the evolving landscape of e-commerce, digital skills serve as a fundamental determinant of effective engagement, influencing the overall online purchasing experience and the ability to address encountered problems. This research, based on Eurostat data for 2021 across 36 European countries,...

With the rise of the sharing economy, more and more retailers join the e-commerce platform to expand sales channels. As an important means to improve consumer retention rate, the membership system is widely used in major e-commerce platforms. In this paper, we develop a model to discuss the...