In The Netherlands, particularly in the Wageningen region, many requirements for a concentration of plant biotechnology firms were met. Ample scientific knowledge of plants and of biotechnology was available, thanks to the presence of Wageningen University and Research Centre. And Dutch...

Firms can enhance product innovation performance by continuously staying in touch with customers and the market in general. While studies on market oriented product development have identified several general dimensions of market knowledge used in product innovation, the nature of market...

Simulation is a way to deal with complex situations. A simplified model of a complex situation is built, from this model is leaned, and what has been learned is translated back to the real life setting. Simulation gaming is based on this idea. However, making inferences about real settings based...

In recent years, the idea that public policy can be viewed as a horizontal and polycentric process (if not a series of interlocked processes) has become widely acknowledged in the field of public administration research. Still to be explored, however, are implications of this view for policy...

The focus of this article is organizational learning in Dutch governmental agencies in relation to evaluation studies of the Court of Audit. A theory is developed in which the impact of evaluation is related to institutional conditions, such as - formal arrangements and normative frameworks....

Strategies for change in organizations often have unintended effects, and their intended effects are not always achieved. In this article, some aspects of the dynamics of such strategies are analyzed. Strategies are shown to be transformed in the course of processes of change, especially as a...

Some questions in the study of public administration are difficult to answer on the basis of field research. A field of inquiry may be absent, as in the case of research that seeks to explore future outcomes of present policies, or of policies that are still being developed. Another example is...

This research presents the results of an inductive comparative case study of how exploratory and exploitative market learning is balanced during the development of eight discontinuous new product development projects in six different business units of different multinationals in the chemical...