An equivalent !-martingale measure (E!MM) for a given stochastic process Sis a probability measure R equivalent to the original measure P such that S isan R-!-martingale. Existence of an E!MM is equivalent to a classical absenceof-arbitrage property of S, and is invariant if we replace the...

In most economics textbooks there is a gap between the non-existence of utility functions and the existence of continuous utility functions, although upper semi-continuity is sufficient for many purposes. Starting from a simple constructive approach for countable domains and combining this with...

We discuss risk measures representing the minimum amount of capital a financial institution needs to raise and invest in a pre-specified eligible asset to ensure it is adequately capitalized. Most of the literature has focused on cash-additive risk measures, for which the eligible asset is a...

We show that the Truncated Realized Variance (TRV) of a semimartingale asset price converges to zero when observations are contaminated by microstructure noises. Under the additive iid noise assumption, a central limit theorem is also proved. In consequence it is possible to construct a feasible...

This study employs data on small businesses from the Office of Advocacy for the U.S. Small Business Administration along with the FDIC Call Report data for U.S. commercial banks. We examine the efficiency of the impact of the financial inputs on small business entrepreneurial output. Our study...

We develop a novel framework using Bayesian networks to capture distress dependence in the context of counterparty credit risk. This allows us to calibrate the probability of distress of an entity conditional on the distress of a different entity. We apply our methodology to wrong-way risk model...

A practically oriented, top-down approach to assessing the quality of EL by backtesting with a properly defined risk measure is introduced. In a first step, the concept of risk expenses ("Cost of Risk") has to be extended beyond the classical provisioning view, toward a more adequate capital...

The dependency structure of credit risk parameters is a key driver for capital consumption and receives regulatory and scientific attention. The impact of parameter imperfections on the quality of expected loss (EL) in the sense of a fair, unbiased estimate of risk expenses, however, is barely...

This paper proposes a new method to introduce coherent risk measures for risks with infinite expectation, such as those characterized by some Pareto distributions. Extensions of the conditional value at risk, the weighted conditional value at risk and other examples are given. Actuarial...