Exchange market pressure (EMP) measures the pressure on a currency to depreciate. It adds to the actual depreciation a weighted combination of policy instruments used to ward off depreciation, such as interest rates and foreign exchange interventions, where the weights are their effectiveness....

Approximation formulae are developed for the bias of ordinary and generalized Least Squares Dummy Variable (LSDV) estimators in dynamic panel data models. Results from Kiviet [Kiviet, J. F. (1995), on bias, inconsistency, and efficiency of various estimators in dynamic panel data models, <italic>J....</italic>

We consider estimation of the economic model of crime exploiting instrumental variables (IV) techniques for panel data. We extend the empirical analysis of Cornwell and Trumbull (1994) and show that their instruments are very weak. We propose an alternative identification strategy based on the...

Bun M. J. G. and El Makhloufi A. (2007) Dynamic externalities, local industrial structure and economic development: panel data evidence for Morocco, Regional Studies 41, 823-837. The impact of industrial structure on local economic development is analysed for the case of Morocco. Using annual...

We consider the bias of the 2SLS estimator in the linear instrumental vari-ables regression with one endogenous regressor only. By using asymptotic expansion techniques we approximate 2SLS coefficient estimation bias under various scenarios regarding the number and strength of instruments.The...