Whereas the EU's internal market rules govern market access and public intervention, its competition rules are … concerned with the market conduct of private parties. When do the competition rules apply to healthcare? In principle the scope … for application of the competition rules to the healthcare sector is largely defined by the Member States themselves. This …

European Community law has played a pivotal role in opening to competition economic sectors previously under the … competition. In this paper, we will focus on the first category of market failures, i.e. the bottlenecks that may prevent … competition in the postal sector. There are two regulatory instruments to impose remedies in network industries, sector …

In recent decades the relationship between competition law and regulation has become a very controversial issue, in … particular in respect of the interface between competition rules and sector-specific regulation in liberalized network industries … related to price squeeze, particularly with regard to the concurrent application of competition rules and sector …

and defines the application of European competition law to this framework of restructuring. We firstly present the …, while we highlight the major points concerning competition regulation, which are related to the effort for the establishment … law - the general framework of the application of competition rules to energy market, under a scope of combination of …

In this article we chart the development of competition and deregulation of the British retail energy markets … quesiton of whether the control of pricing practices through the ex post provisions of the general competition law is …

networks - is essential for open and effective competition in wholesale and retail electricity markets. Competition in … electricity (downstream exploitation). To mitigate these competition risks, it is necessary to grant access to transmission … promote and protect competition in electricity and gas markets. This is done by imposing rules regarding the ‘unbundling’: the …

of competition law. This raises difficult questions about the relationship between competition and innovation as well as … what kind of assessment concepts competition authorities should use for investigating innovation effects, e.g., in merger … cases. This paper, on one hand, reviews briefly our economic knowledge about competition and innovation, and claims that it …

Practices and conducts in professional and even amateur sports can be subject to competition laws as soon as commercial … competition policy interventions. Setting and enforcing the rules of the game is an activity with commercial effects because it … reviews selected landmark cases in sports competition policy from an economic perspective. This includes the U.S. baseball …