Institutional barriers to entry were removed to a considerable extent in 1996 in the Dutch retail sector. Three years before that the regulator decided to not take legal actions anymore against entrants violating institutional requirements. In the current analysis we investigate the effects of...

Platforms often use fee discrimination within their marketplace (e.g., Amazon, eBay, and Uber specify a variety of merchant fees). To better understand the impact of marketplace fee discrimination, we develop a model that allows us to determine equilibrium fee and category decisions that depend...

What price should entrants pay an incumbent monopoly for use of its assets? Courts, legislators, and regulators have at times mandated that incumbent monopolies lease assets required for the production of a retail service to entrants in efforts to increase the competitiveness of retail markets....

What price should entrants pay an incumbent monopoly for use of its assets? Courts, legislators, and regulators have at times mandated that incumbent monopolies lease assets required for the production of a retail service to entrants in efforts to increase the competitiveness of retail markets....

Information and communication technologies are transforming economies and societies around the world. In this respect, E-Commerce has the capability to build a new global economy. That is why government, industries, non-profit-organisations, trade unions and consumers would like to come together...

We revisit the relationships between competition and various market outcomes in a differentiated Cournot oligopoly. Consider an oligopolistic market with two differentiated varieties, where each firm sells one of the varieties. We show that social welfare and consumer surplus can decrease with...

This POLICY PAPER presents an economic model showing how incumbent local exchange carriers may deter efficient facilities-based entry for high capacity loop facilities through the use of quantity-discount contracts for Special Access services. Since efficient entry is deterred, these contracts...

The Telecommunications Act of 1996 (the "1996 Act"), by stressing the reduction or elimination of entry barriers that prevent the fragmentation of market structure and an increase in the number of competitors, established competition and deregulation as the foundation for public policy towards...

Although entry regulation is ubiquitous across countries, comprehensive evaluations on the broad impacts of such regulations on firm dynamics and productivity are lacking. We address the key identification challenge of policy endogeneity by leveraging the staggered implementation of a pilot...