This paper develops a theory of how angel and venture capital markets interact. Entrepreneurs first receive angel then venture capital funding. The two investor types are 'friends' in that they rely upon each other's investments. However, they are also 'foes', because at the later stage the...

The use of debt to finance risky entrepreneurial-firm projects is rife with informational and contracting problems. Nonetheless, we document widespread lending to startups in three innovation-intensive sectors and in early stages of development. At odds with claims that the secondary patent...

This paper advances a new technique for identifying, delineating, and analyzing microgeographies. It applies this technique to locate and measure agglomerations of high-growth, high-tech (HGHT) startup activity within 205 U.S. cities. Using data from 1995 to 2018 on venture-backed companies, I...

What is the relationship between venture capitalists’ selection of investment targets and the effects of these investments on the patenting performance of portfolio companies? In this paper, we set out a modelling and estimation framework designed to discover whether venture capital (VC)...

The objective of this paper is to examine and analyze the differences between Venture Capital development in Macedonia and several Central and Eastern Europe countries, to determine the reasons, and hence extract certain conclusions that will serve as a guideline in Macedonia's venture capital...

Given the marked heterogeneity that exists in terms of the realised returns that investors see from venture capital, it is difficult to know which factors can set individual investments and venture capitalists apart from their peers. This article uses a small sample of investments from BVCA...

We conjecture that venture capitalists and their investors often fall prey to what is known as ‘collective conservatism.' We investigate this conjecture by analyzing boilerplate provisions in limited partnership agreements. When investors accept suboptimal boilerplate provisions it is not...

This paper studies the contracting choices between an entrepreneur and different kinds of venture capitalists in a portfolio context. The optimal contract for the entrepreneur features investor choice, share of investment, and equity dilution as a function of her bargaining power. In our...