The article analyzes the recent data protection reform of the European Union (EU). It introduces the drivers of the reform, in particular by looking at a few seminal judgments of the Court of Justice of the EU. Against this backdrop, the article highlights the key changes that the new General...

This is an attempt for a comprehensive analysis of the international economic law rules relevant for digital trade. At the core of this enquiry are the multilateral rules in the framework of the World Trade Organization (WTO). It examines how they presently regulate digital trade, as well as...

Irrespective of the diverse stances taken on the effect of the UNESCO Convention on Cultural Diversity in the external relations context, since its wording is fairly open-ended, it is clear to all observers that the Convention's impact will largely depend on how it is implemented domestically....

This chapter is a contribution to the Palgrave Handbook of European Media Policy (co-edited by Pauwels, Donders & Loisen). It is the chapter's purpose to examine the proponents of the cultural exception policy, their strategies and demands, and to explore how they came to be reflected in the law...

Much has happened in the past fifty years, and the broadcasting system and in fact the entire media landscape have changed in many significant ways. Yet, the debate on the role of public service media and the involvement of the state in them still perseveres. It has indeed been reinvigorated due...

This editorial introduces ten research articles, which form part of this special issue, exploring the governance of “European values” inside data flows. Protecting fundamental human rights and critical public interests that undergird European societies in a global digital ecosystem poses...

This briefing note was prepared by invitation from the European Parliament's Committee on Culture and Education. It provides an analysis of how the existent EU internal policies reflect the spirit and the letter of the UNESCO Convention on Cultural Diversity. The note suggests further ideas on...

The chapter focuses on the toolbox of trademark law to map the tensions between cultural heritage and intellectual property protection and to explore to what extent trademarks offer useful, albeit imperfect ways, to protect cultural heritage. The chapter then addresses the questions of whether...

With the amplified role of data in societies, the interfaces between trade and privacy protection have become multiple and intensified, and raise important questions as to adequate regulatory design that can reconcile economic and non-economic concerns, national and international interests. This...