In debates about principles for differentiating responsibilities for reducing carbon emissions, attention is invariably drawn to claims, staked in the language of rights, that limit responsibilities. This article charts the constraints on the legitimate use of normative arguments framed in terms...

According to mainstream science, humanity faces a time of emerging global environmental crises. Massive increases in economic output and human population over the last two centuries or so are putting increasing pressure on natural systems, including those basic to the support of human and other...

This paper provides an overview of current government schemes promoting corporate reporting of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and analyses their main building blocks. It describes the drivers and challenges for governments, companies and investors in dealing with GHG reporting and includes 4...

1.Introduction -- 2.A little bit of history.-The key concepts -- 3.The central role of climate finance.-The transitions in Energy (Downstream) -- 4.The transitions in Energy (Upstream).-The transitions in Agriculture -- 5.The transitions in the Built Environment -- 6.Managing the impact on...

This paper considers the impacts of "finance blending" whereby climate finance is added to international carbon markets for offset trading. The paper first discusses climate finance and the carbon market as free-standing finance solutions by high-income countries to increase mitigation in...