-2005; focusing on Europe but with some non-European countries included for comparison. In 23 of the 36 countries there was a … increased in all countries of Central and Eastern Europe, while for most Western European countries there was little change. For …

. Research in Europe, however, shows that people tend to be immobile. Even mobility within countries is restricted compared to … also reveal the extent to which national borders still impede spatial adjustment in Europe. This has important implications …

barriers to economic adjustment. People in Europe are sticky so it is unreasonable to assume spatial disparities will disappear …. Our findings also imply that cities in Europe form national rather than a single continental system …

This paper examines what regional characteristics drove urban economic growth in Europe during the past decade …. Possible impacts on the new member states in Central Europe due to expansion of the European Union are accounted for by … comparison between two periods, before and after 2004. With a focus on cities, a more precise view of Europe-wide regional …